托福听力段子中有一些承载着重要意义的关系词,也有人称为信号词,或者是连接词。不管在托福听说读写四门中的任何一门都需要用到这类词,以使得句子更加流畅,句意更加明晰。
1. 同向关系词
同向关系词,即用上此类词或词组,句子内部或句子间的方向没有发生改变,只是根据前面的句意进一步延伸和细化。将其归纳为:
举例关系词:for example, for instance, e.g., such as, like, take sth. for example
类比关系词:like, alike, similar, same, as
选择,并列和递进关系词:or, either…or, and, as well, also, besides, apart from, in addition, what’s more, furthermore, moreover (分号;)
因果关系词:www.233.CoM考试就上考试大
表示由引起的,后接原因的词或词组:because,because of,as a result of, as a consequence of, due to, result from, be attributed to, be contributed to, arise from, owing to, thanks to, in that
表示导致,后接结果的词或者词组:so, therefore, thus, as a result, as a consequence, lead to, result in, attribute to, contribute to, give rise to, bring about, generate
总结关系词:in conclusion, to conclude, to sum up, in sum, all in all, in brief
2. 逆向关系词:
逆向关系词,即用上此类词或词组,句子内部或句子间的方向发生改变,前后句子意思形成相反关系。总结发现,这类词包含:
否定关系词:not, none, no, never, non-, dis-, un-, in-, im-, -less, few, little, hardly, barely, seldom, neither…nor
转折和让步关系词:but, however, yet, nevertheless, nonetheless, in fact, actually, despite, in spite of, although, even though, though
对比关系词:unlike,by contrast, in contrast, on the contrary, conversely
(注:以上各类关系词中所举的例子仅仅只是常见的一部分)
以上就是托福听力中的两大类关系词,希望各位考生在平时训练的时候,能够多多发现,总结并利用这些tips。当然了,在利用关系词的时候,别忘了结合关键词,考点词等,才能达到事半功倍的效果。