雅思小作文线图备考常见问题 - 俞璐静

线图属于动态图，在考试中出现频率较高，线图的描述方法可以应用到其他动态图表。然而同学们在备考中往往只记一些基本的单词和句式，不能很好地组织内容和语言来取得较好的分数，以下将讲到线图备考常见问题。

一 审题失误

以上是一个多线图，我们先来看一个同学文章段落中间的描述：

Throughout the whole period, beef and lamb declined sharply from 220 and 150 grams to approximately 100 grams and 55 grams respectively.

我们从小标题看到，此题的对象并非肉类本身，应该是这些肉类的消耗，所以应该改为the consumption of beef and lamb。

二 词汇运用有误

例如 The percentage of people living in poverty in this area raised dramatically to 50% in 1998.

此句话中raise是及物动词，后面直接跟宾语，rise 是不及物动词， 后面不能直接跟名词，可以加介词，根据时态本句话raised应改为 rose。

三 语法错误较多

例如：The number of workers employed in this private company were 85 in 1990.

the number of 后加可数名词复数，谓语动词和系动词应该用单数，a number of 加可数名词复数，谓语动词和系动词用复数，所以本句were应该改为 was.

我们再来看一个例子：

a significant growth was shown in the percentage of students enrolled in famous universities throughout the whole period, reaching 60% in 2005.

此句reaching部分为分词作状语，逻辑主语应和主句主语一致，但是本句主语是a significant growth, 是一个趋势， 不能作reach的主语。

因此本句可以改成

The proportion of students enrolled in famous universities showed a significant growth throughout the whole period, reaching 60% in 2005.

四 句式较为单一

比如要表示老年人的比例从1990年的6% 急剧增长到 2000年的21%，同学们一般能想到的基本句式有以下两种：

The percentage of elderly people increased sharply from 6% in 1990 to 21% in 2000.

There was a sharp increase in the percentage of elderly people from 6% in 1990 to 21% in 2000.

但如果文章通篇都是这样的句式，就不符合更高分数的评分标准, 要求有多样的句式结构，我们可以有一些变化：

1 分词作状语描述起点

Starting at 6% in 1990, the percentage of elderly people increased sharply to 21% in 2000.

2 时期做主语

The period between 1990 and 2000 witnessed/ saw/ experienced a sharp increase in the percentage of elderly people from 6% to 21%.

3 before 衔接

The percentage of elderly people was 6% in 1990, before increasing sharply to 21% in 2000.  

4 趋势做主语

A sharp increase from 6% in 1990 to 21% in 2000 was seen/shown in the percentage of elderly people.

五 不同时间段的趋势及数据描述上缺少衔接

比如要表述：当地游客的人数急剧增长，在2010年达到顶峰（数值为300万），但是在接下来的五年有轻微下降。

有些同学在看到以后，写的句子是The number of local visitors went up sharply. It reached a peak of 3 million in 2010, but it declined slightly in the next five years.

这样的句子较为简单，我们可以改成

After a sharp increase, the number of local visitors peaked at 3 million in 2010, which was followed by a slight decrease in the next five years.

这里使用after， which was followed by体现了句间的衔接

或者还可以改成：

The number of local visitors surged until 2010, when it peaked at 3 million, prior to a slight decrease in the next five years.

因此备考的同学们应多积累一些衔接方式， 比如

From then on, since then, afterwards, prior to, which is followed by, which precedes a decrease等。

针对以上问题，同学们在拿到题目以后一定要审清对象，在记忆相关单词的时候要结合例句去记，要学会使用多样句式描述趋势，内容组织上注意前后的衔接, 多练习多运用才能取得好成绩。